Logic Models: Practical Planning to Reach Program Goals
A logic model visually depicts the relationship between resources, activities, outputs, assumptions, and outcomes of a program. It helps map out the relationship between a program’s activities and its intended effects. Logic models should be revised periodically to reflect lessons learned and changes within the program.
Benefits of Logic Models
Logic models encourage program success by:
- Depicting the purpose and expected results of the program.
- Highlighting actions that are expected to lead to desired results.
- Becoming a reference point throughout the programmatic process.
- Improving the planning, implementation, and evaluation process.
- Allowing stakeholders to provide input and come to a consensus on program components.
- Identifying potential obstacles so they can be addressed early on.
Logic Model Components
- Inputs: the resources that go into a program.
- Activities: the actions taken to produce the desired outcomes.
- Outputs: the tangible results of the activities.
- Outcomes: the desired results of the program. These can be short-term, intermediate, and long-term.
- Assumptions: beliefs about the program and the processes/resources involved.
- Contextual factors: the environment in which the program exists.
Things to Consider
When developing logic models, consider the following:
- Who should be involved in the development and iterations of the logic model?
- What is the viability of the outputs and outcome measures?
- How might the logic model and/or program change over time?
- How might program goals and activities be connected to relevant research and best practices?
Logic Model Template
Figure 1 depicts a logic model template typically used by researchers at the Illinois Criminal Justice Information Authority (ICJIA). For a fillable version of this template, please download the PDF version of this brief.
Figure 1
Logic Model Template
Resources
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (n.d.). Evaluation guide: Developing and using a logic model. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
W.H. Kellogg Foundation. (2004). Using logic models to bring together planning, evaluation, and action: Logic model development guide. Battle Creek, MI: W.H. Kellogg Foundation.
The Center for Violence Prevention and Intervention Research is a part of ICJIA's Research and Analysis Unit.